One-way bearing structure and working principle

A one-way bearing is a type of bearing that is free to rotate in one direction and lock in the other direction. One-way bearings are also called backstops or overrunning clutches, but are named according to different industries and different functions. The metal casing of a one-way bearing contains a large number of rollers, needles or balls, and its rolling seat (hole) is shaped so that it can only roll in one direction and a large resistance in the other direction ( The so-called "one-way").

1. Slope and roller design

The ramp and roller one-way clutch consists essentially of an outer ring of cylindrical inner diameter, an inner ring with a ramp, and a set of rollers that are respectively spring-loaded and in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of motion has an effect on the other, this arrangement essentially ensures the instantaneousness of the speed of overrun and ensures immediate drive capability.
2, wedge design

The wedge type one-way overrunning clutch is generally composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a wedge group, a wedge cage, a strong spring and a bearing. The wedge transfers forces from one raceway to the other by wedging between the inner and outer races. The wedge has two diagonal diameters (ie, the distance from one corner of the wedge to the other diagonal) one of which is larger than the other. The wedge action forces the wedge to have a larger vertical position on a relatively large cross section when the inner and outer rings are rotated relative to each other.
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